2021年考研考试（英语）模拟试卷及参考答案十四

1.乳腺癌侵犯乳房悬韧带Cooper韧带)，引起的相应体征是
A．橘皮样变 B．乳头内陷 C．肿瘤表面皮肤凹陷(酒窝征) D．铠甲状胸壁
答案：C

2.In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behaviorEarlier scientists had 1 that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics Much more careful observation has shown that 2 variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life That is, the 3 are not solely fixed by
4，the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly 5 instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two.An illustration best 6 the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly 7 they hatch, ducklings fix 8 any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are 9 for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably 10, even ones that have a considerable base 11 by genetics. Even among the social insects something like imprinting 12 influence social behavior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely 13 instinct.But, in examining a “dance” that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effectively.At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an allpurpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting.Chimpanzees, for instance, generally 14 very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or 15 fail to nurture the young. She believes that these females were the youngest or the 16 child of a mother. In such circumstances, they did not have the opportunity to observe how their own mother 17 for her young.Certainly adolescent chimps who are still with their mothers when other young are born take much interest in the rearing of their young brother or sister. They have an excellent opportunity to learn, and the social ties that are created between mother and young 18 Goodall to describe the social unit as a family. The motheroffspring tie is beyond 19;there is some evidence to 20 that ties also continue between siblings of the same sex, that is “brotherbrother” and “sistersister”. 1AassumedBadoptedCbelievedDsurmised 2AconsiderateBconsideratedCconsiderableDconsidering 3AstatuesBstatusesCstatutesDstatures 4AWhats moreBHenceCButDHowever 5AnotBonlyCbutDsolely 6AclarifiesBclassifiesCdefinesDoutlines 7AthanBbeforeCwhenDafter 8AonBwithCinDwithin 9AappropriatedBsubstitutedCassignedDdistributed 10AvariedBdeviatedCdifferedDaltered 11AfashionedBmodifiedCinfluencedDaffected 12AmayBshouldCmustDcan 13AbyBout ofCfromDthrough 14AproveBmakeCturnDcreate 15AotherwiseBstillCyetDeven 16AoneBsoleCsingleDonly 17AlookedBattendedCcaredDprovided 18AguideBcauseCdirectDlead 19AlimitationBimaginationCdoubtDexpectation 20AadviseBhintCimplyDsuggest
答案：1Aassumed

3.His wife has been ______ a lot of pressure on him to change his job
A．takingB．exertingC．givingD．pushing
答案：B

4.The team played hard because the championship of the state was ______
A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best
答案：B

5.下列关于制宪权的表述，错误的是( )。
A．宪法的制定是制定主体依据程序制定宪法．行使制宪权的活动 B．制宪权的概念源自于古希腊．古罗马的法治思想以及中世纪的根本法思想 C．制宪权．修宪权．立法权属于同一层次的权力形态 D．制宪机关不同于宪法起草机关
答案：C

6.被称之为法的细胞、属于法的微观结构、组成法的基本位的是( )。
A．法律原则B．法律概念C．法律部门D．法律规则
答案：D

7.黄芪桂枝五物汤是
A．桂枝汤去甘草，倍生姜，加黄芪而成 B．桂枝汤去芍药，倍甘草，加黄芪而成 C．桂枝汤去甘草，倍桂枝，加黄芪而成 D．桂枝汤去甘草，倍芍药，加黄芪而成
答案：A

8.41-42 基于以下干：一般人认为，广告商为了吸引顾客不择手段。但广告商并不都是这样。最近，为了扩大销路，一家名为《港湾》的家庭类杂志改名为《炼狱》，主要刊登暴力与色情内容。结果，原先《港湾》杂志的一些常年广告客户拒绝续签合同，转向其他刊物。这说明这些广告商不只考虑经济利益，而且顾及道德责任。
A．《炼狱》杂志所刊登的暴力与色情内容在同类杂志中较为节制．B．刊登暴力与色情内容的杂志通常销量较高，但信誉度较低．C．上述拒绝续签合同的广告商主要推销家居商品．D．改名后的《炼狱》杂志的广告费比改名前提高了数倍．E．《炼狱》因登载虚假广告被媒体曝光，一度成为新闻热点．
答案：A

9.垄断资本主义最根本的经济特征是
A．垄断在经济生活中占统治地位 B．金融资本和金融寡头的统治 C．资本输出在经济生活中占重要地位 D．国际垄断同盟在经济上瓜分世界
答案：A

10.下列关于村民委员会的表述，错误的是( )。
A．村民委员会对村民会议负责，向村民会议报告工作 B．村民委员会组成人员由村民直接选举产生 C．村民委员会的设立．撤销．范围调整，由乡．民族乡．镇的人民政府提出，必须经村民会议讨论同意后，报县级人民政府批准 D．村民会议由村民委员会召集，如有 1/20以上村民提议，应召集村民会议
答案：D

11.设则下列结论 ①在[-1，1]上f1(x)存在原函数 ②存在定积分 ③存在f'2(0) ④在[-1，1]上f2(x)存在原函数 中正确的是
A．①．②． B．③．④． C．②．④． D．①．③．
答案：C

12.位于肘横纹中，肱二头肌腱尺侧缘的穴位为
A．曲池 B．曲泽 C．尺泽 D．小海
答案：B

13.Applicants should note that all positions are ______ to Australian citizenship requirements
A．subjectB．subjectiveC．objectedD．objective
答案：A

14.下列项中，不属于全国人民代表大会常务委员会职权的是( )。
A．解释宪法．监督宪法的实施 B．审批国民经济和社会发展计划以及国家预算部分调整方案 C．废除同外国缔结的条约和重要协定 D．批准省．自治区．直辖市的建置
答案：D

15.男性，70岁。反复咳喘。体检：桶状胸，双肺呼吸音减低。肺功能测定：肺活量占正常预计值70%，第一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量50%，残气量占肺总量45%，肺总量稍降低。其肺功能损害属哪一类型
A．限制型通气障碍 B．阻塞型通气障碍 C．以限制为主的混合型通气损害 D．以阻塞为主的混合型通气损害
答案：D